Rivers are an important mode of transportation and a primary location for settlement. RiversĬentral Kalimantan has numerous rivers from the catchment areas to the north in the Schwaner Mountains, flowing to the Java Sea. Rainfall or precipitation is 2,776-3,393 mm per year with an average of 145 rainy days annually. The province's climate is wet weather equatorial zone with an eight-month rainy season, and 4 months of dry season. Recently the peat swamp forests have been damaged by the Mega Rice Project, which unsuccessfully sought to turn large areas into rice paddies. Sabangau National Park is a protected peatland area internationally acknowledged as sanctuary for the endangered Orangutan. The southern lowlands are dominated by peatland swamps that intersect with many rivers. The centre of the province is covered with tropical forest, which produces rattan, resin and valuable timber such as Ulin and Meranti. Non-volcanic mounts are scattered in this area including Kengkabang, Samiajang, Liang Pahang and Ulu Gedang. Highland areas in the north-east are remote and not easily accessible. The Schwaner Mountains stretch from the north-east of the province to the south-west, 80% of which is covered in dense forest, peatland swamps, mangroves, rivers and traditional agriculture land.
It is bordered by West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan provinces to the north, by the Java Sea to the south, by South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan provinces to the east, and by West Kalimantan province to west. GeographyĬentral Kalimantan is the third-largest Indonesian province by area with a size of, about 1.5 times the size of the island of Java. President Sukarno appointed the Dayak-born national hero Tjilik Riwut as the first Governor and Palangkaraya the provincial capital. 10 Year 1957, which declared Central Kalimantan the seventeenth province of Indonesia. The change was approved by the Indonesian Government on under Presidential Law No. In 1957 South Kalimantan was divided to provide the Dayak population with greater autonomy from the Muslim population in the province. Following Indonesian independence after World War II, Dayak tribes demanded a province separate from South Kalimantan province. Since the eighteenth century the central region of Kalimantan and its Dayak inhabitants were ruled by the Muslim Sultanate of Banjar. More than is the case in other province in the region, Central Kalimantan is populated by the Dayaks, the indigenous inhabitants of Borneo.
The population growth rate was almost 3.0% per annum between 19, one of the highest provincial growth rates in Indonesia during that time in the subsequent decade to 2010 the average annual growth rate slowed markedly to around 1.8%, but it rose again in the decade beginning 2010. Its provincial capital is Palangka Raya and in 2010 its population was over 2.2 million, while the 2015 Intermediate Census showed a rise to 2.49 million and the 2020 Census showed a total of 2.67 million. It is one of five provinces in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. Central Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Tengah), is a province of Indonesia.
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